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Cutaneous spots and blotches may be yellow because of endogenous or exogenous pigment (xanthochromia), or because of a thick layer of keratin of lipid.
For each of the twelve cases, study the image(s) and then answer the questions. You can click on the image to view a larger version if required.
Each case should take approximately 2 minutes to complete. There is a list of suggested further reading material at the end of the quiz.
What is the diagnosis?
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
What causes the yellow hue in the skin in this condition?
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare genetic disorder due to abnormal elastic tissue. PXE presents in children and young adults as yellowish papules coalescing into plaques. Typically these changes first occur on the sides of the neck, axillae and antecubital fossae and are described as like a plucked chicken. Severe types of PXE weaken elastic tissue around blood vessels and may result in life-threatening complications such as dissection of the aorta.
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